Here’s my take on this. It’s a tricky situation because “permanently deleted” can mean different things, and recovery isn’t always straightforward.
First, it’s worth double-checking the native iOS features. Since iOS 16, the Messages app has a “Recently Deleted” folder that holds texts for about 30 days. It’s possible the update didn’t wipe that, so it’s the easiest first step.
On the other hand, there are third-party data recovery tools. The main advantage is that they can perform a deep scan of your iPhone’s storage for data that hasn’t been overwritten yet. The downside is that success is never guaranteed. The more you’ve used your phone since the deletion, the higher the chance the data has been replaced. Most reputable tools aren’t free, so you have to weigh the cost against the possibility of failure.